【SUMMARY】

Legionellosis chirwere chakakomba chinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya erudzi Legionella akagoverwa kumhuri yeLegionellaceae. Mhuri iyi ikozvino ine 48 marudzi uye anopfuura makumi matanhatu serogroups. Anenge marudzi makumi maviri akabatanidzwa muchirwere chevanhu. Huwandu hwakawanda hwehutachiona hweLegionella hunokonzerwa neLegionella pneumophila. Chirwere cheLegionnaires ndicho chikuru chekiriniki kuratidzwa kweLegionella utachiona kunyangwe hutachiona hwekunze uye husiri hwepneumonic senge Pontiac fever inoitika. Iri zita rekuti Legionella pneumophila rakatorwa kubva mukubuda kunoshamisa pa1976 American Legion Convention muPhiladelphia. Legionella pneumophila inokonzera 90% yezvirwere, uye pane izvi, zvinopfuura 80% zvinokonzerwa neserogroup, serogroup 1. 2 Mabhakitiriya eLegionella madiki anosvibisa Gram-negative rods ane polar flagella. Legionella mabhakitiriya ane kupararira kwakapararira munzvimbo dzese dzechisikigo uye dzakagadzirwa nevanhu mumvura. Iwo anowanikwa nyore nyore mumvura yakachena, shongwe dzekutonhodza uye masisitimu emvura anonwiwa. Izvo zvipenyu zvinogona kurarama mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana, uye tembiricha ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yekuwedzera kweLegionella. Nosocomial utachiona hunonyanya kubatanidzwa nekukoloni kwechipatara chemvura inopisa system neLegionella. Iyo incubation nguva yechirwere cheLegionnaires mushure mekusangana nebhakitiriya kubva pamazuva maviri kusvika gumi. Varwere vakawanda vanopinzwa muchipatara vanoita fivha yakanyanya kazhinji inodarika 39.5°C (103°F). Chikosoro chinogona kuva chiratidzo chekutanga chechirwere chemapapu. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinozivikanwa zvinosanganisira kutemwa nemusoro, kurwadza kwetsandanyama, kurwadziwa muchipfuva, uye kutadza kufema. Zviratidzo zvemudumbu zvinowanzoitika. Chirwere cheLegionnaires (LD) hachiparadzire. Chirwere ichi chinotapurirwa neaerosol, uye hapana humbowo hwekutapurirana kwakananga kumunhu-ku-kumunhu. Vanhu vari panjodzi ndevaya vane masoja emuviri akanganisa, kusanganisira vanotorwa paplanta, vakweguru, vanoputa fodya, kana vaya vanoratidza chirwere chisingaperi chepulmonary kana chirwere chetsvo chisingaperi. Kuongororwa kwe legionellosis kunogona kuve kwakaoma nekuti zviratidzo nezviratidzo hazvina kujeka uye hazvisiyanise hutachiona hweL. pneumophila kubva kune zvimwe zvinowanzokonzera mabayo. L. pneumophila zvirwere zvinoonekwa sezvizhinji zvakajairika asi zvinogona kunge zvisingatarisirwe uye hazvina-kushumwa. Iyo underdiagnosis ye legionellosis inogona muchikamu kukonzereswa nekudikanwa kwekukurumidza, kwakananga uye kwakadzikama yekuongorora nzira dzekuongorora. Legionella pneumophila Rapid Test Cassette (Weti) inoona soluble antigen kubva kuL .pneumophila serogroup 1 muweti.

【MAZANO EKUSHANDISA】

Bvumira bvunzo, muenzaniso, uye/kana zvidhiraivho kuti zvisvike tembiricha yemumba (15-30°C) isati yaedzwa. 1. Vhura homwe uye bvisa mudziyo. Kana yangovhurwa, mhanyisa bvunzo nekukurumidza. 2. Swirl weti zvinyoro nyoro kusanganisa usati waedza. 3. Wedzera 4 madonhwe e-swirled weti samples (Approx. 100 μL) kune sampuli tsime. 4. Mirira kuti mutsara wemavara uoneke. Verenga zvabuda pamaminetsi gumi nemashanu, usadudzire zvabuda mushure memaminitsi makumi maviri.