【HOOLAHA】

ʻO Legionellosis kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi nui i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria o ka genus Legionella i hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻohana Legionellaceae. Aia kēia ʻohana i kēia manawa he 48 mau ʻano a ma luna o 60 mau serogroups. Ma kahi o 20 mau ʻano i pili i ka maʻi kanaka. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi Legionella ma muli o Legionella pneumophila. ʻO ka maʻi Legionnaires ka hōʻike nui o ka maʻi Legionella ʻoiai ʻo ka maʻi extrapulmonary a me ka maʻi non-pneumonic e like me Pontiac fever. Ua loaʻa ka inoa ʻo Legionella pneumophila mai ka hanana nui i ka 1976 American Legion Convention ma Philadelphia. ʻO Legionella pneumophila ke kuleana o ka 90% o nā maʻi, a ʻo kēia mau mea, ʻoi aku ma mua o 80% ma muli o hoʻokahi serogroup, serogroup 1. 2 Legionella bacteria he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi Gram-negative koʻokoʻo me ka polar flagella. He laha nui ko Legionella bacteria ma na wahi wai maoli a me na kanaka. Loaʻa koke ʻia lākou i loko o ka wai maʻemaʻe, nā hale hoʻomaha a me nā ʻōnaehana wai inu. Hiki i nā mea ola ke ola i nā kūlana ākea, a he mea koʻikoʻi ka mahana no ka hoʻonui ʻana o Legionella. Hoʻopili ʻia ka maʻi nosocomial me ka noho ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana wai wela e Legionella. ʻO ka manawa incubation o ka maʻi Legionnaires ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i ka bacteria mai ʻelua a ʻumi lā. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā poʻe maʻi i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka haukapila e loaʻa pinepine i ke kuni kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 39.5°C (103°F). ʻO ka maʻi ka hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi māmā. ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke poʻo, ka ʻeha ʻiʻo, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, a me ka pōkole o ka hanu. He mea maʻamau nā hōʻailona ʻōpū. ʻAʻole lele ka maʻi Legionnaires (LD). Lawe ʻia ka maʻi e ka aerosol, a ʻaʻohe mea hōʻike no ka lawe pololei ʻana i ke kanaka-i-ke kanaka. ʻO ka poʻe i pilikia ka poʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia ka ʻōnaehana pale, e komo pū ana me ka poʻe i lawe ʻia i ka transplant, ka poʻe ʻelemakule, nā mea puhi paka, a i ʻole ka poʻe e hōʻike ana i ka maʻi obstructive pulmonary a i ʻole ka maʻi renal mau loa. Hiki ke paʻakikī ka ʻike ʻana i ka legionellosis no ka mea ʻaʻole kikoʻī nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona a ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale i nā maʻi L. pneumophila mai nā kumu maʻamau o ka pneumonia. ʻO nā maʻi L. pneumophila i manaʻo ʻia he mea maʻamau akā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia a ma lalo o-hōʻike ʻia. ʻO ka underdiagnosis o ka legionellosis hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka pono o nā ʻano hoʻokolohua diagnostic wikiwiki, kikoʻī a paʻakikī. Ke ʻike nei ka Legionella pneumophila Rapid Test Cassette (Urine) i ka antigen soluble mai L .pneumophila serogroup 1 i loko o ka mimi.

【OLELO HOOLAHA】

E ʻae i ka hoʻāʻo, specimen, a/a i ʻole nā ​​mana e hiki i ka lumi wela (15-30°C) ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. 1. E wehe i ka ʻeke a wehe i ka mea hana. Ke wehe ʻia, e holo koke i ka hoʻāʻo. 2. E wili mālie i ka mimi e hui ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. 3. E hoʻohui i 4 kulu o ka laʻana mimi swirled ( Ma kahi o 100 μL) i ka luawai. 4. E kali no ka puka ʻana o ka laina kala. E heluhelu i nā hopena ma 15 mau minuke, mai wehewehe i nā hopena ma hope o 20 mau minuke.