【USHWANKATHELO】

I-HIV yi-etiologic agent ye-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) .I-virion ijikelezwe yimvulophu ye-lipid ephuma kwi-host cell membrane.Several viral glycoproteins are on the imvulophu.Intsholongwane nganye iqulethe iikopi ezimbini ze-positive-sense genomic RNAs.HIV-1 iye yahlukaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu we-AIDS kunye nabantu abane-AIDS ephezulu I-AIDS.1 HIV-1 ine-Subtype M kunye ne-Subtype O.Ezintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-HIV-1 zaqatshelwa ngo-1990 zaza zahlulwa okwethutyana njenge-Subtype O njengoko olu tshintsho luneempawu ezifanayo ze-glycoprotein kwi-HIV-1 kodwa umahluko omncinane kwisiphawuli seproteni. Nangona kunqabile xa kuthelekiswa ne-HIV-1 kunye ne-HIV-2, ukosuleleka okubangelwa yi-Subtype O ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kuchongiwe e-Afrika (Cameroon), eFransi naseJamani. I-HIV-2 iye yahlukaniswa kwizigulane ze-AIDS zaseNtshona Afrika nakubantu abangenazimpawu ze-seropositive. I-HIV kunye nokuhlola igazi kunye neemveliso zegazi ze-HIV.4 Ngaphandle kokwahluka kwiimpawu zebhayoloji, imisebenzi ye-serological kunye nolandelelwano lwe-genome, i-HIV-1, i-HIV-2, kunye ne-Subtype O ibonisa umnqamlezo oqinileyo we-antigenic-reactivity.5,6 Uninzi lwe-HIV-2 i-sera e-positive inokuchongwa ngokusebenzisa i-HIV-1 yovavanyo lwe-serological.

Isixhobo soVavanyo oluKhawulezayo lwe-HIV 1/2/O (igazi elipheleleyo/iSerum/i-Plasma) luvavanyo olukhawulezayo lokubona ngokomgangatho ubukho bamajoni omzimba kwi-HIV-1, HIV-2, kunye/okanye uHlobo olungaphantsi lwe-O kwigazi lonke, kwiserum okanye kwisampulu yeplasma.

【UBUNZULULWANO LWEZOKWENZA, INGCACISO NOKUCHANEKA】

Isixhobo soVavanyo oluKhawulezayo lwe-HIV 1/2/O (igazi elipheleleyo/iSerum/i-Plasma) savavanywa kuphononongo lwamaziko amaninzi, iziko lokunikela ngegazi kunye nophononongo lwezonyango lwangaphakathi. Uphononongo lwamaziko amaninzi luquka imizekelo eyi-1,640 evela kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Kwakukho imizekelo eyi-1,000 evela kwiziko lophononongo lwegazi kunye neziko lophononongo lwe-HIV kunye neziko lophononongo lwe-HIV kunye ne-68 yegumbi lophononongo Iphaneli yokuSebenza eyathengwa kumthombo worhwebo.

I-HIV 1/2/O Rapid Test Device (Igazi Elipheleleyo/iSerum/Plasma) yathelekiswa novavanyo oluphambili lwe-ELISA lwe-HIV kunye/okanye ne-Western Blot. Kwimizekelo engama-3,327 iyonke, ama-872 afunyaniswa enethemba kwaye imizekelo engama-2,455 yafunyaniswa ingenayo yi-ELISA kunye/okanye ne-Western Blot. Isixhobo soVavanyo oluKhawulezayo lwe-HIV 1/2/O (igazi elipheleleyo/iSerum/i-Plasma) sibonise i-99.9% yobuntununtunu obunxulumeneyo, kunye ne-99.8% yesalathiso esinxulumene ne-BELISA kunye ne-Western.